PHMB (polyhexamethylene hydrochloride) has the following characteristics:
Broad-spectrum bactericidal power, especially effective against Gram-negative bacteria that are difficult to treat with general bactericides. It has high activity against food pathogens and pollutants.
Quickly kill bacteria, because the sterilization process is a physical effect, there will be no problem of bacterial resistance.
It is odorless and has no side effects on the characteristics of food. After in-depth and extensive research, low toxicity to mammals, and extensive mammalian toxicology research, food-related application regulations have been obtained for more than 20 years.
It is non-corrosive and safe for equipment and instruments that require high requirements.
It is safe to transport, stable to temperature, non-volatile, and easy to handle.
Easy to dissolve in cold and hot water means that it can be diluted with water in any ratio, and the risk of residues is very low, so it does not affect the food production process.
It is stable in a wide range of pH and temperature and has no effect on beer brewing.
Low foam, suitable for CIP system and pasteurization pipeline system.
It is easy to rinse and has less residue, thereby reducing the impact on the fermentation process.
With cationic properties, it can be attached to the surface of the article and lasts for a long time.
There is no smell, no taste, and no staining in the usual dosage.
Because it maintains activity on organic matter such as protein, fat and blood, it remains active when there are food (fish, meat, livestock, vegetables) residues or dirty dirt.
Keep active in soft water and hard water.
Very low corrosiveness, and long-term use under the usual dosage will not corrode equipment materials.
It was listed as a CMR2 substance by the European Union in 2013; SCCS was re-evaluated in 2014 and 2015, and recommended to control PHMB as a preservative in cosmetics with a limit of 0.1% [1].
The guanidine group in PHMB×2HCl has high activity, which can make the polymer positively charged, and it is easily adsorbed by all kinds of bacteria and viruses that are negatively charged, thereby inhibiting the division function of bacteria and viruses and causing them to lose their reproductive ability. In addition, the film formed by the polymer blocked the breathing channel of the microorganisms, causing the microorganisms to suffocate and die quickly.
Bactericidal effect
A large number of experimental studies have shown that polyhexamethylene biguanide can kill cotton fabric bacterial catalase and fungi, the pathogens of Acanthamoeba keratitis, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus at very low concentrations (10ppm). And Candida albicans, natural skin bacteria, inactivated viruses, bacterial spores, bacterial propagules, etc.,
Moreover, the bactericidal effect of polyhexamethylene guanidine is less affected by environmental temperature, pH and organic matter. Therefore, polyhexamethylene guanidine is recognized as the latest generation of broad-spectrum and high-efficiency disinfectants.
A large number of research results at home and abroad show that PHMB×2HCl has the characteristics of non-toxic, harmless and long antibacterial time. The toxicology test showed that after the acute oral toxicity test of PHMB×2HCl mice, the animals had adverse reactions and no deaths. The oral LD50 of male and female mice was more than 5 000 mg/kg body weight. According to the acute toxicity classification standard, it was actually non-toxic class. A rabbit skin irritation test After a rabbit skin is exposed to PHMB×2HCl, the irritation score is 0, which is non-irritating; after a rabbit eye irritation test, the rabbit eye mucosa (cornea, iris, conjunctiva) irritation score is 0, it is non-irritating; 24 hours and 48 hours after the guinea pig skin sensitization test, no obvious erythema and edema were seen in the guinea pig skin test area. The sensitization rate of the sample is 0. According to the sensitization intensity, it is classified as a weak sensitizer. (Level I). Therefore, PHMB is considered the safest non-toxic disinfectant.
Inhibition rate
The sterilization rate of 0.02% polyhexamethylene guanidine against Escherichia coli is 100%;
The sterilization rate of 0.02% polyhexamethylene guanidine to Staphylococcus aureus is 100%;
The sterilization rate of 0.02% polyhexamethylene guanidine to Candida albicans is 100%;
The bactericidal rate of 0.05% polyhexamethylene guanidine to Neisseria gonorrhoeae is 100%.
The on-site sterilization test has a sterilization rate of 99.8% on the surface of the object, which is greater than the national standard of 90%.
The on-site sterilization test has a sterilization rate of 97.65% on the surface of the palm, which is greater than the national standard of 90%.
Use of PHMB
The product has excellent performance and is widely used.
(1), used in aquaculture
This product is a kind of high molecular polymer, which can quickly kill harmful bacteria such as gram-negative bacteria, floating Vibrio, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Vibrio alginolyticus, etc. in seawater, and it is harmful to sea cucumbers and other aquatic products caused by bacteria. Various diseases have good preventive and therapeutic effects.
The product is also suitable for various red mouth, rotten eyes, rotten gills, black gills, yellow gills and other diseases caused by baculovirus in fish and shrimps. It can also be used to clean shrimp ponds, decompose feed waste, fish manure, etc., and purify Water quality, the effect of preventing sea cucumbers, fish, and shrimp from getting sick. Adding this product in the water cycle treatment process can enhance water activity, reduce ammonia and phosphate in the water, control the growth of algae, and naturally balance the ecosystem of sea cucumber ponds and fish and shrimp ponds.
(2), used for disinfecting wet wipes
The product is a cationic polymer, and its antibacterial effect is mainly to dissolve lipids, change the permeability of the bacterial cell membrane, and obstruct the metabolism in the bacterial body to cause antibacterial. It has a broad antibacterial spectrum and is effective against Gram-positive and negative bacteria and molds. It is colorless, odorless, non-irritating, non-toxic and non-corrosive to the skin. Therefore, the wet wipes treated with it can not only achieve rapid disinfection effect, but also will not produce mildew, and the shelf life can be up to two years.
(3) Special disinfectant for household use
The product has many advantages such as non-toxic, colorless, odorless, non-corrosive, and broad sterilization spectrum, and is very suitable for household disinfection. It can be used for sterilization and cleaning of fruits and vegetables; used for sterilization and cleaning of various fabrics such as clothes, towels, bed sheets, etc.; and directly used for disinfection and sterilization of surfaces and air of furniture, carpets, sofas, kitchen utensils, sanitary ware and other objects.
(4) Disinfectant for skin and wound
The product is colorless, non-corrosive, and has a long-lasting effect. Therefore, it can be conveniently used for cleaning and disinfection of skin, wounds, obstetrics and gynecology, and urology. Especially for some medical supplies that cannot be sterilized by high temperature, only 1‰ concentration is needed. Solution immersion or spraying can achieve a satisfactory sterilization effect in a short time. The product can also be used to disinfect the air, walls and floors of wards.
(5), used for vaginal lotion
The lotion and gel disinfectant made of this product can be used for bacterial, fungal, trichomoniasis, senile and non-specific vaginitis, cervicitis, vulvitis, genital itching, etc., to remove perineal odor and reduce Secretions, and form a layer of positive ions on the inner wall of the vagina for long-term bacteriostasis. It is suitable for cleaning and disinfecting the genitals of men and women before and after intercourse, business trips, and women before and after menstruation to prevent infection and transmission of skin diseases and venereal diseases. At the same time, it is suitable for sterilization and cleaning of hands, feet, anus and other parts.
(6) Sterilizing and purifying agent for public places
In public places, a large number of bacterial and viral infectious diseases seriously endanger the safety of human life. Sterilization has become an indispensable link in maintaining people’s lives. This product has the characteristics of broad sterilization spectrum, non-toxic, colorless, odorless, and non-corrosive. It is very suitable for sterilization in public places such as automobiles, trains, airplanes, ships, shopping malls, hospitals, cinemas, hotels, restaurants, etc. disinfect.
(7), used for hand disinfectant
Hand hygiene is closely related to everyone’s life. About 80% of common infectious diseases are transmitted directly through hands. Hand disinfection is obviously the most effective way to prevent the spread of diseases. The product is sprayed directly on the hands as a hand sanitizer. It can safely, effectively and conveniently remove pathogenic bacteria on the hands no matter when and where, without water and soap, and can form a colorless layer on the hands. The transparent invisible film keeps the anti-bacterial effect for a long time. The product can effectively control the spread of typhoid fever, flu, dysentery, pink eye, gonorrhea and various skin diseases. It is suitable for use in restaurants, hotels, hospitals, shopping malls, banks, schools, kindergartens, homes, offices and travel.
(8), used in the textile industry and sanitary napkins, sanitary pads, baby diapers and other products
The product can develop antibacterial textiles and knitwear, such as towels, underwear, baby clothing, bedding, wool fabrics, gauze, etc. Just immerse the textiles in the special liquid for this product before the final finishing stage. When the bacteria fall on the textiles treated by the product, the trace amount of moisture makes the active substances contained in it dissolve, quickly kill the bacteria, and achieve the effects of antibacterial, insect-resistant, mildew-proof, non-shrinking, and non-solidification. After testing, properly treated textiles still have antibacterial properties after being washed 120 times in water.
This product can easily develop all kinds of sterile and antibacterial sanitary napkins, sanitary pads, baby diapers, etc., replacing other traditional disinfection methods such as high temperature and ethylene oxide, which not only reduces costs, but also solves traditional disinfection The problem of the short period of validity of the method.
In the production of sanitary napkins, sanitary pads, and baby diapers, only 1‰ concentration solution is sprayed on the surface of sanitary napkins and diapers, and then dried.
(9), used for athlete’s foot, skin diseases
The product has strong killing effect on fungi and lasting effect, so it can be conveniently used for athlete’s foot, athlete’s foot, tinea cruris, tinea capitis, and tinea corporis caused by fungal infections such as blisters, erosions, scaly keratosis, peeling types, etc. , Hand ringworm and other fungal skin diseases. And play a role in relieving itching, dispelling decay, and restoring normal skin function.
(10), used for washing products
Cleaning products with disinfection function generally add chlorine preparations as disinfection ingredients, which have the defects of being corrosive to fabrics, fading, short sterilization validity period, and can only be used for white fabrics. The product has the advantages of being soluble in water, non-toxic, colorless, odorless, non-corrosive, non-fading, non-irritating to the skin and mucous membranes, and long validity period. It can develop high-tech environmentally friendly disinfection and sterilization for washing fabrics of any color. Washing powder, washing liquid, dry cleaning agent and other products. Sterilization has become an indispensable and important link in people’s daily life. With the advent of this product, the market prospect is bound to be very broad. This product can not only kill all kinds of infectious bacteria on clothes and prevent the spread of venereal diseases, but also has a significant antibacterial and anti-mildew effect on clothes after washing. It is especially important for children with undeveloped immune systems and plays a health protection role.
Because the product has a strong killing effect on fungi, it can also be used in shampoos to remove dandruff and scalp ringworm caused by dandruff, seborrheic dermatitis, etc., and has obvious sterilization and antipruritic effects.
(11) Used in beer, beverage and food processing industries
This product is a green and environmentally friendly disinfectant and does not contain harmful substances such as iodine, chlorine, and aldehydes. The product is used in the sterilization and disinfection of production facilities such as pipelines and containers in the production of beer, beverages and food, as well as on the floor of the plant. Only by diluting the product 25000 times (ie 10ppm), soaking or flushing the pipeline, the sterilization effect can be achieved. If there is no special requirement for filling food cans, the concentration can be increased to 250ppm to achieve the effect of killing bacteria quickly and completely.
